TfL guidance on Low Traffic Neighbourhoods says that “Low Traffic Neighbourhoods (LTNs) form a key part of the Streetspace for London programme. LTNs offer a cost-effective way of delivering safe and attractive streets for walking and cycling by preventing through traffic from using residential neighbourhoods to avoid main roads(often known as ‘rat running’), while retaining local access for residents and visitors. A successful LTN makes walking and cycling more convenient than the car for short trips, while maintaining essential access. It will also enhance the quality of place and reduce local air and noise pollution and road danger.